Retinopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Franz Marie Cruz, MD, Ildefonso Chan, MD, Cherica Tee, MD, Carien Gulay, MD, Leonila Dans, MD, Jennifer Otadoy-Agustin, MD, Marysia Recto, MD
Objective
To descibe a case of bilateral severe ischemic retinopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and elevated antiphospholipid antibody.
Method
This is a case report.
Results
An otherwise healthy 16-year-old Filipino female presented with bilateral diffuse retinal arteriolar occlusion, wide areas of capillary nonperfusion, and macular ischemia. The diffuse retinal ischemia eventually led to neovascularization and fibroproliferative-membrane formation. Despite laser panretinal photocoagulation, one eye developed vitreous hemorrhage requiring vitrectomy. She was diagnosed to have SLE with mildly elevated anticardiolipin antibody on serial measurements and treated with anticoagulant to prevent further thrombotic episodes.
Conclusion
This form of severe SLE retinopathy associated with elevated levels of antiphospholipid antibodies is rare. When it occurs, recognition is vital so that appropriate treatment can be instituted.
Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, retinopathy, retinal ischemia, antiphospholipid antibody