Subject index to volume 29
A
Abduction, 180, 182, 184
Adduction, 178, 180
Aberrations comparison of higher order in low to moderate myopia, 33
measurement of wavefront, 34
Abscess postsurgical suppurative scleral, 194
Achromatic perimetry, 64
ADH. See alcohol dehydrogenase Adrenergic response induced by cortocosteroid, 10
Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study, implications on clinal practice, 99, 105,
on the protective role of IOP lowering, 169
Age-related macular degeneration as a cause of blindness, 47
AGIS. See Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study AIDS ocular toxoplasmosis in patients with, 92
AIGS. See Association of International Glaucoma Societies AION. See ischemic optic neuropathy Alcohol dehydrogenase use in management of alcohol-induced optic neuropathy, 189
Alstrom syndrome, 95
Alstrom’s disease, 196
Amaurosis, 161
Amblyopia, 46, 141, 179
Amphotericin B, 28
Amvisc Plus, 12
Aniridia, 141–142
Ankyloblepharon, 146
Anophthalmos, 145
Antifibrotic agent factors to consider when using, 86
Anti-Koch’s treatment as a cause of optic neuropathy (editorial), 158
See also ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy
Aplasia, 184
Applanation tonometry
See Goldmann applanation tonometry
Apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelium cells in vitro, 6
Subject index to volume 29
Apoptotic cells quantification of, 9
Arachnoid villi, 164
Argon laser sequential argon-YAG compared with Nd:YAG, 132
Aspergillus flavus, 26–28
Aspiration-biopsy cytology, 176–177
Association of International Glaucoma Societies recommendations on assessment of optic nerve and management of glaucoma, 77
Astigmatism, 97
Atovaquone, 92
Atrophy macular, in Usher syndrome, 195
of the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaries in Usher syndrome, 195
optic, in methanol-induced neuropathy, 190
Atypical optic neuritis, 162
B
BAER. See Brainstem-auditory-evoked response Bardet-Biedl syndrome a case of, 94
associated with deafness and pigmentary retinopathy, 196
diagnostic criteria for, 95–96
differential diagnoses, 95
management of, 97
manifestations of, 94, 95
ophthalmologic problems in patients with, 97
BBS. See Bardet-Biedl syndrome Bevel down technique, 119
Biemond II syndrome, 95
Blindness alcohol-induced, 190
causes of, 47
DOH Prevention of Blindness Program, 44, 45
childhood, 47, 141
in systemic lupus erythematosus, 18
prevalence in the Philippines, 43
results of first national blindness survey, 45
Second National Blindness Survey, 44
Brachydactyly, in Möbius sequence, 96–97
Brainstem-auditory-evoked response, 181
C Candida parasilopsis, 26–28
Capsulorhexis, 121
Cataract blindness, 46–47
brunescent, 119
childhood, 141
chopping techniques for brunescent, 118–121
dense/hard, 118
familial, 141
idiopathic, 141–142
in infancy, 141
posterior subcapsular, 17
prevalence of operable, 47
profile of childhood cases at Philippine General Hospital, 140
secondary, 142
surgery/surgery rate, 12, 46–47, 122
case of postsurgical scleritis, 193
See also surgically induced necrotizing scleritis after cataract surgery
Cat’s eye reflex, 136–137
CCT. See central corneal thickness Central corneal thickness correlation with IOP among Filipinos, 79
predictive factor in the development of primary open-angle glaucoma, 100
Central nervous system abnormalities, 142
Central-retinal-vein occlusion, 161
Central serous chorioretinopathy characteristic, 7
epinephrine-induced, 10
mechanism of cause, 7
prevalence, 7
Cerebral palsy, 142
Chipping technique, 133
Chopping technique, 119
CIGTS. See Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study Ciliary body ablation in end-stage glaucoma, 172
Coats’ disease, 149
Cockayne’s syndrome, 196
Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study, 65, 99,
103
Congenital anomalies, 150
cataract, 141
coloboma of the eyelids, 146
deafness, 195
eye defects, 145
heart defects, 142
neurosensory deafness, 196
Congenital rubella syndrome as a cause of cataract, 142
Conjunctiva melanoma of, 147
Corneal birefringence, 70
endothelial edema, 132
injury, 15
scar, 47
Cranial computed tomography use in diagnosing methanol-induced optic neuropathy, 190
Cranial nerve involvement in Möbius sequence, 179–185
Cryopexy indications for use, 125
Cryotherapy in management of melanoma of the conjunctiva, 148
Cryptophthalmos a case of, 144
associated anomalies, 146
management of, 144, 146
pathogenesis of, 146
CSCR. See central serous chorioretinopathy
D
Demyelinating optic neuritis, 162
Dexamethasone for treatment of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, 92
in relation to apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelium cells in vitro, 6
Diabetic retinopathy, 47
Diffuse depression, 161
Diode-laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation single-setting treatment protocol, 171
Disc edema, 161
Diurnal intraocular-pressure, 168
Diurnal curves comparison of three-point and six-point determination, 167
peaks, 168
Dolichoectasia of the internal carotid artery, 188
Down syndrome, 140, 142
Duovisc, 12
E
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial, 65, 99, 101
Electromagnet for extraction of metallic intraocular foreign bodies, 38–41
Electrophysiologic testing, 189
Elmycin, 26, 28
EMB. See ethambutol
EMGT. See Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial Endothelial cell count, 12
cell loss, 15
Epiblepharon, 179–185
Epicanthus, 184–185
Epilepsy, 142
Epinephrine in apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelium cells in vitro, 6
Error of refraction, 46, 47
Esotropia in Möbius sequence, 179–185
Ethambutol (editorial), 158
Ethambutol-related optic neuropathy (editorial), 158
Exotropia, 182-–183
Extracapsular cataract extraction, 193
Extraepithelial proliferation in malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva, 147
Eye care stages of programs in, 47
movement in the Philippines, 46
Eye injuries caused by metallic objects, 39
F
Facies, 179, 181, 183, 185
Fibrovascularization in orbital implants, 31
Filtration surgery causes of failure, 84
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy advantages of, 176
a valuable test for malignancy of orbital tumors, 175
First national blindness survey, 45
See also blindness Flynn-Aird syndrome, 196
FNAB. See fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Folic/folinic acid in treatment of methanol-induced optic neuropathy, 192
Formaldehyde, 191
Formate, 191, 192
Formic acid, 191
Fraser syndrome, 146
Friedreich’s ataxia, 196
Fungal keratitis current treatment protocol for, 27
incidence, 27
in vitro evaluation of natamycin 5% suspension for, 26
Fusarium solani, 26–28
Fusiform enlargement, 186, 188
G
Galactosemia association with cataract, 141
Glaucoma advanced primary open-angle glaucoma 105
as a complication of corticosteroid treatment, 20
as one of the leading causes of blindness, 47
as ocular manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, 17
causes of failure of filtration surgery, 84
central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure correlation, 79
ciliary body ablation in end-stage, 172
detecting the disease early, 71
diurnal IOP curves, 167
filtering surgery, 103
gold standard in diagnosis, 64
Hemifield Test, 103
implications of randomized, controlled clinical trials, 99
neovascular, 174
normal-tension, 168
primary angle-closure, 132
primary open-angle, 100
progression of optic neuropathy in, 169
refractory, 171
resulting from expansion of perfluoropopane, 126
spectrum of damage in, 70
surgical management of, 84
Glioma, 163
Goldmann applanation tonometry correlation with central corneal thickness, 79
See also glaucoma, central corneal thickness measurements confounded by central corneal thickness, 99
H
Hanhart syndrome, 185
Helen Keller International, 44–45
Hidden eye a case of, 144
See also cryptophthalmos Histotoxic anoxia, 190
Horizontal chopping technique, 119
Hydroxyapatite, 22
Hypogenitalism, 95, 97
Hypoplasia, 184
Hypotony, 171
I
ICA. See internal carotid artery Immunosuppressives rapid response of patients with SINS to, 194
Implants biocompatibility, 129
causes of migration, 22
characteristics of ideal, 22
extrusion, 22, 130
fibrovascularization, 31
freeze-dried human cancellous bone as orbital, 29
hollow polymethylmethacrylate, 21
hydroxyapatite 22, 30
ostrich eggshell implant as an onlay graft substitute for orbital blow-out fractures, 127
Infection incidence with eggshell implant, 130
Infiltrative and compressive optic neuropathies, 162
Internal carotid artery, 186–188
Intracranial neoplasms, 160
Intraocular foreign body penetrating injuries to the eye, 39
extraction using a low-cost electromagnet, 38-41
magnetic extraction of metallic, 39
Intraocular surgery, 80
Intraocular pressure accurate measurement of, 80
beneficial effect of reduction in open-angle glaucoma, 99
control of, 131
fluctuation, 169
gold standard for clinical measurement of, 80
in diode-laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, 171
outcome measure in cataract surgery, 12
posttrabeculectomy, 83
swings, 167
Intraocular-pressure curves comparison of three-point and six-point diurnal measurements, 167
Intravenous corticosteroids, 159
Intravenous methylprednisolone, 159
IOFB. See intraocular foreign bodies IOP. See intraocular pressure Iridotomy, 131–132
Iris bleeding, 132
perforation, 131
perforation-success rate, 132
pigmentation, 132
Ischemic optic neuropathy, 162
IVMP. See intravenous methylprednisolone
J
Joint Tuberculosis Committee of the British Thoracic Society, 158
Jose Rizal Memorial Lecture, 42
K
Keans-Sayne syndrome, 196
Keratitis See also fungal keratitis fungal, incidence, 27
fungal, treatment protocol, 27
prevention in cryptophthalmos, 144
in Möbius sequence, 179
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 17
L
Lagophthalmos, 179, 180, 185
Lambanog, 190
LASEK. See laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy
Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy, 37
Laser-diode transscleral cyclophotocoagulation optimum dose, 174
single-setting treatment protocol, 171
Laser in situ keratomeleusis comparison of wavefront-guided and standard laser in low to moderate myopia, 33–37
Laser iridotomy comparison of Nd:YAG and sequential argon-YAG in Filipino eyes, 131
patency, 131–132
success rates, 132
Laser trabeculoplasty in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial, 102,
in the Collaborative Interventional Glaucoma Treatment Study, 103
LASIK. See laser in situ keratomeleusis Lattice degeneration effect on anatomic outcome of pneumatic retinopexy, 124
Laurence Moon syndrome, 95
Leukocoria bilateral, 148–149
in retinoblastoma, 136–137
Lid coloboma, 144
Lid edema, 162
Low vision, 46, 47
Lowe syndrome, 140, 142
LTP. See laser trabeculoplasty
Lupus erythematosus. See systemic lupus erythematosus
Lupus retinopathy. See systemic lupus erythematosus
M
Maloney’s supracapsular flip, 119
Melanoma of the conjunctiva a case of, 147
differential diagnosis, 147
management of, 148
metastasis, 148
Meningiomas See also optic-nerve meningioma of the optic-nerve, 160
pattern of intracranial extension, 164
sphenoid wing, 162
Metabolic acidosis, 191–192
Methanol metabolism, 191
toxicity, 190–192
cause of bilateral optic neuropathy, 189
Methanol-induced bilateral optic neuropathy a case of, 189
approaches to treatment, 191
pathophysiologic mechanism, 191–192
MFC. See minimum fungicidal concentration MIC. See minimum inhibitory concentration Microphthalmos, 145
Minimum fungicidal concentration, 26–28
Minimum inhibitory concentration, 26–28
Mitochondrial function loss of 191–192
Mitomycin-C comparison of outcomes of trabeculectomies using concentrations of 0.4 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml, 83-87
for management of malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva, 148
Möbius sequence absence of facial expression in, 179–184
cranial-nerve involvement in, 179–185
demographic and ocular findings in a series of Filipino patients, 181
diagnostic criteria, 179
strabismus presentations in Filipino patients, 178
Modified office-phasing procedure in intraocular-pressure monitoring, 168, 169
N
Natacyn, 26–28
National Council on Blindness, 44
National Institutes of Health, 115
National Sight Plan, 44
Nd:YAG. See Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Necrotizing scleritis, 193–194
Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet comparison with argon-YAG, 132
in ciliary body ablation, 172–173
Nerve-fiber analyzer See also Scanning laser polarimetry
diagnostic properties of the GDx 400, 66, 68
GDx 400, 66, 67, 70, 74–75
GDx number, 67
improving the accuracy of the GDx 400, 71
issues relating to GDx measurements, 69
issues relating to validity, 70
potential use as a screening tool, 66
receiver operating characteristics 67
reliability analyses of, 73
reliability of the GDx 400, 73, 74
Neuro-ophthalmology, 158
Neuro-ophthalmology Club of the Philippines, 159
Neurofibromatosis in optic-nerve meningioma, 164
Neuroimaging, 162
Newborn screening, 141, 143
Norrie’s disease, 150
Nuclear fragmentation, 118
Nuclear sclerosis, 121
Nyctalopia, 195
O
OAG. See open-angle glaucoma Obesity, 97
Ocular hypertension. See glaucoma, intraocular pressure Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study, 65, 99
Ocular toxoplasmosis treatment during pregnancy, 88
Ocular ultrasonography, 149
OHTS. See Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study Onchoceriasis, 47
ONH. See optic-nerve head. Open-angle glaucoma beneficial effect of IOP lowering in, 99
See also glaucoma
Ophthalmic services, 47
Ophthalmologist-population ratio, 47
Optic atrophy in systemic lupus erythematosus, 17
unexplained/caused by optic-nerve compression by the internal carotid artery, 186
Optic disc, 161
Optic-canal decompression, 164
Optic-disc hyperemia, 190–192
progression, 101
Optic-nerve compression, 187–188
Optic-nerve meningioma a close look, 160
distinction from glioma, 164
natural history, 164
treatment options, 164
Optic-nerve-damage progression in glaucoma, 169
Optic-nerve head, 64
Optic-nerve-head stereophotography, 100
Optic-nerve-sheath meningiomas, 161
meningiomas in children, 164
thickening of, 163
Optic-nerve vasculature, 161
Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial, 159, 162
Optic neuropathy case secondary to optic-nerve compression, 186
anterior ischemic, 161
secondary to fusiform enlargement, 188
Orbital floor fractures, management of, 128
Orbital implant. See implant
Orbital inflammatory disease, 162
Orbital lesions, 176–177
Orbital mass, 136–137
See also retinoblastoma
Orbital pseudotumor, 162
Orbital tumors, 175
See also retinoblastoma, optic-nerve meningioma
P
Palpebral fissure, 145
PAM. See primary acquired melanosis Pars plana vitrectomy, 92, 124
Periorbital edema, 17
Peripheral anterior synechiae, 132
Periphlebitis, 162
Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, 149
Phacoemulsification chopping technique that attacks the posterior plate, 117
See also cataract Philippine Board of Ophthalmology, 45
Philippine Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial, 159
Photobiomodulation for treatment of alcohol-induced optic neuropathy, 192
Photorefractive keratectomy, 37, 80
PHPV. See persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous PlanoScan, 33
PMMA, See polymethylmethacrylate Pneumatic retinopexy causes of failure, 122, 123
potential complications, 126
use of intravitreal gas in, 123
compared with scleral buckling, 124
POAG. See glaucoma. Poland-Möbius syndrome, 179
Polymethylmethacrylate, 22
See also implants Polyethylene, 22, 30
Positive predictive value, 70
Postaxial hexadactyly, 97
Presbyopia, 47
Primary acquired melanosis, in melanoma of the conjuctiva, 147
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy failure of pneumatic retinopexy in eyes with, 122–126
Proptosis, 136, 137, 162, 163
Prostaglandin analogues, 103
PSC. See cataract Pterygium, 193
Ptosis, 178, 179, 182
Pulmonary tuberculosis, 158
PVR. See proliferative vitreoretinopathy
R
Radiologic appearance, 163
Radiological examination, 128
Reconstructive surgery, 146
Refractive surgery, 34
Refsum’s disease, 196
Renal dysfunction, 97
Research importance of (editorial), 115
output of developing countries (editorial), 116
Retina, 190–192
Retinal densitometry, 196
Retinal detachment, 122
Retinal dysplasia a case of, 148
association with congenital anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities, 150
differential diagnosis in leukocoria, 150
pathogenesis of, 150
Retinal nerve-fiber layer assessment of, 67, 73, 74
birefringence, 70
changes in thickness, 74
“double-hump” profile, 70
measurement, 73, 74
Retinal pigment epithelium apoptosis in RPE cells in vitro, 6
atrophy of, 195
functions of, 7
in retinitis pigmentosa, 96
loss of pigment in Usher syndrome, 195
Retinitis pigmentosa, 96, 195, 196
Retinoblastoma age of onset, 137
epidemiological and clinical patterns at the Philippine General Hospital, 136
familial incidence, 138
gender distribution, 137
incidence, 136, 138
malignancy of childhood, 149
ocular manifestation at consultation, 137
at onset, 136, 137
tumor classification, 137
Retinopathy of prematurity, 149
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 123
RNFL. See retinal nerve-fiber layer
RPE. See retinal pigment epithelium
Rubella congenital, 142
as cause of cataract, 141–142
S
Sarcoidosis, 162
Scanning laser polarimetry, 67, 74
See also nerve-fiber analyzer Scleral buckling compared with pneumatic retinopexy, 124
Scleritis, 193
Section biopsy, 175–177
Sequential argon-Nd:YAG laser iridotomy, 133
Short wavelength automated perimetry, 71
Sight conservation and blindness prevention, 42
SINS. See surgically induced necrotizing scleritis
SLE. See systemic lupus erythematosus
SLEDAI. See Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index
SLP. See scanning laser polarimetry Sphenoid wing meningiomas, 162
Standard central corneal thickness, 80
Staphylococcus epidermidis, 145
Steinert chopper, 119
Stereotactic radiation, 166
Storz Millennium, 119
Strabismus, 46, 137, 178, 179, 193
Struthio camelus, 128
Subclavian-artery-supply-disruption-sequence theory, 184
Sulfonamides, 92
Surgical excision of sheath tumor, 164
Surgically induced necrotizing scleritis after cataract surgery, 193
SWAP. See short wavelength automated perimetry Syndactyly, 183, 185
Syphilis, 162
Systemic lupus erythematosus estimated incidence, 18
ocular manifestations of, 17–21
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, 18
T
Talipes equinovarus, 178, 180, 183, 185
Thalidomide, 184
Third National Survey on Blindness, 47, 141
Tono-Pen, 80
Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis causes of, 89
Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis recurrence of, 91
Trabeculectomy comparison of outcomes with 0.4 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin concentrations, 83-87
Trachoma, 47
Transcleral cyclophotocoagulation single-setting treatment protocol for, 171–174
treatment with corticosteroids, 194
Trichiasis, 184–185
Trisomy, 13, 150
TSCPC. See Transcleral cyclophotocoagulation
Tumor. See optic-nerve meningioma, retinoblastoma
U
Ultrasonic pachymetry, 79
Upper-respiratory-tract infection, 178, 181, 184
Urinary-tract infection, 181, 184
URTI. See upper-respiratory-tract infection Usher syndrome a case of, 195
diagnosis, 196
fundus findings in, 195
UTI. See urinary-tract infection
Uveitis as a cause of secondary cataract, 142
cause of posterior, 89
V
Varicella as a cause of childhood cataract, 140
in Möbius sequence, 182
VEMs. See viscoelastic materials Vertical cutting, 119
Viscoat, 12–15
Viscoelastic materials comparison of Amvisc Plus, Duovisc, and Viscoat on the corneal endothelium after cataract surgery, 12
Vision 2020, 48
Visual loss in optic-nerve meningioma, 161
Visual impairment causes of, 46, 47
Vitamin A deficiency, cause of blindness, 47
slows down decline in ERG responses, 97
Vitreous persistent hyperplastic primary, 149
Vitritis, 121
W
Weiss syndrome, 95
X
X-linked recessive disorder, 142
Xerophthalmia, 47
Z
Zernike coefficient, 36
modes, 36–37
Zonulysis, 120
Zyoptix, 33–35